Hide and skin machine



(No Model.) 4 sheets-sheen 1.

W. EVANS. HIDE AND SKIN MACHINE.

No. 526,387. Patented Sept. 25, 1894.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

Wl. EVANS. HIDE AND SKIN MACHINE.

THEVNoRms parzns co., Fumouno., wAsHmcnnN. n. c

(No Model.) 4 sheets-s eeeee W. EVANS. HIDE AND SKIN MACHINE 10,526,381 ':Lan-mwasept.25,1894I UNITED-i STATES 4PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM EVANS, OF PHILADELPHIA,PENNSYLVANIA.

HIDE AND SKlN MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 526,387, dated September 25, 1 894. Application led April 23, 1894:. kSeral1\l`0.508|613. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM EVANS, a citizenof the United States, residing at the city of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hide and Skin Machines, ofwhich the followingis a specification.

My invention has relation to machines for shaving, fleshing, skiving or frizzing hides, skins orleather; and in such connection it relates more particularly to the constructionA and arrangement of a machine for such purposes. l

`The principal objects of my invention are, first, to provide a hide dressing or finishing machine of comparatively simple construction, and such as is durable and eflicient in action in its treatmentof leather or skin in order to leave the same in a smooth condition, that is, without burrs, marks, ridges or the like thereon; second, to provide such a machine with a rotatable knife cylinder adapted to so treat the leather, hide or skin as to remove the matter therefrom in the form of straight shavings and thus to leave the entire surface thereof in a perfectly smooth condition; third, to provide a machine having the parts greatly simplified for effective action on the hide or skin; and, fourth, to provide such a `machine with a rotary feedingdevice having a movable apron connected therewith in order to adapt the same for `feeding leather, hide or skin of different dimensions to a rotary cut-- ter cylinder and in such manner as to thoroughly act upon and leave the hide or skin in a perfect y condition and with a smoothsurface throughout the same forsubsequent use.

Myinvention consists of a hide and skin shaving or ileshing machine provided with a rotary feeding roll having a complemental movable apron adapted to be so manipulated as to present hides or skins of dierent sizes to a rotarycutter cylinder and havinga movable grinding device affordingranges of movement in transverse directions to the machine parallel with the position of the rotatable cutter cylinder so as to permit of the sharpening uniformly ol' the blades of said cylinder throughout the circumference of the `sanne and during the rotation of the cylinder;

Vscope'of my invention will be more fully understood from thefollowing description taken in connection with the yaccompanying drawings forming part hereof, and in which- Figure l, is a side elevational view of a hide or skin shaving or iieshing machine embodying the features of my invention. Fig.

2, is a top or plan view thereof. Fig. 3, is a view on an enlarged scale partly in elevation and partly in section on the line .0c-96, of Fig. `2. Fig. 4.-, isa rear elevational view partly 1in section on the line y-y, of Fig. 2. is a front elevational View of the machine of my invention.

Fig. 5,

Fig. 6, is a rear detail View of the driving mechanism and means for con- 1 trolling the movement of the supportcarrying the grinding device. Fig. 7, is a perspective view showing the detail construction of the internally feathered" half cylinder apron .with one ofits sector bearings in engagement therewith for` permitting thereby of the longitudinal movement of the same when the latter are in engagement with the respective journals of the rotary feeding device. Fig. 8, is an enlarged sectionalview on the line z-eg of Fig. 3, showing the means for adjusting the position of the feeding roll and the half cylinder apron thereof in the direction of the cutter cylinder. Fig. 9, is a sectional view on the line w--w, of` Fig. 8, showing the adjusting screw in elevation for controlling the position of the feeding roll andrits half cylinder apron in thedirection of the cutter cylinder of the machine. Fig. l0, is a front elevational view` on` an `enlarged scale of the knife cylinder, showing the construction and arrangement of the two series of knives thereof; and Fig. ll, is an end View of the Same.

l Referring to the drawings a, is a base-plate on which are mounted and secured two standards a. and o?, supporting a bed-plate h. These standards are provided with bearings c and c', for the reception of the main driving shaft d, of the machine. The bed-plate b, is provided `with projections or arms b and b2, forming bearings for a cutter cylinder E.

IOO

y uniform pitch in alongitud inal plane through' On theshouldered end journals of the ,cutter cylinder E, are secured pulleys c and e?, actuated by means of belts f2 and f3, engaging pulleysfand f', rigidly secured to the main driving shaft d. The shaft d, is driven by means of a pulley d', and a belt d2, from any suitable source of power.

d3, is a pulley loosely mounted on the shaft d, and located adjacent to the fixed pulley d', thereof. The motion of the shaft d, is transferred to the cutter cylinder E, through the intervention of the pulleys andf and e and e2, and belts f2 and f3, as will be readily understood from Figs. l and 2, of the drawings.

It may be here remarked that the cutter cylinder E, will be driven at either a comparatively high or moderate rate of speed according to the size of the pulleys fand f', with respect to the pulleys e and e2.

The cutter cylinder E, is provided with two series of oppositely arranged spiral knives or blades e and 611, located ingrooves formed in the body of the cylinder therefor and the two series of knives having a reverse constant and the cylinder to the respective peripheries thereof and these knives or blades e and @11, are so arranged as that two complementallyv arranged reverse spiral blades of the series of the cylinder meet each other at a center point of the cylinder and in reverse directions of constant and uniform pitch to the terminal points thereof at or about theperipheral en ds of the cylinder and-'parallel to lines passing through points of contact of one with another at the center thereof, whereby the two series of Y blades-e and e, of the cylinder so arranged in action upon a hide or skin, treat the same in a straight line and in such manner as that the matter thus removed is in the form of a straight shaving with the hide or skin left in a perfect condition, that is, with a smooth surface throughout the extent thereof.

The bed-plate b, is provided with a feather or miter joint b3, formed preferably integral therewith and engaging a com plemental groove or recess of a carrier plate g', having in sliding engagement with the same lengthwise of the machine a U-shaped support g, and also adapted to be afforded in a manner to be hereinafter explained a range of movement transversely of the rotary movement of the cutter cylinder E, as will be readily understood by reference to Figs. 2 and 3. The U -shaped support g, is provided with afeather g2, formed integral therewith and on which the support g, has a range of longitudinal movement in the direction of the cutter cylinder E. rlhe support g, forms the bearings for a shaft h', provided at the left hand end thereof with a grind-stone H. This grindstone H, comprises an annulus composed of suitable gritty material, such yas emery or other preferred material, and secured into disk h.

The arrangement of the grinding device H,

is .such as` that the same contactsfat' two points thereof with the two series of knives or blades e and e11, of the cylinder E, in order that the same in action may uniformly sharpen the two series of reversely arranged blades e, of the cylinder E, throughout in the travel of the same in the path thereof.

It may be here remarked that the circumference of the grind-stone H, is preferably about double the length of the cutter cylinder E, so that the same when set in rotation may be moved along parallel to but in contact with the cylinder E, through the intervention of mechanism to be hereinafter fully described, making in its travel the length of the cylinder, but a single revolution, whence it is reversed and returned to the other end of the cylinder, but during such return it should be borne in mind is in contact therewith. On the shaft h', is mounted and secured thereto a pinion h2, which meshes'with a rack h3, held in recessed I-bars or supports h4 and h5, secured into the feather or miter joint portion b3, of the bed-plate b, as clearly illustrated in Figs. l, 2, 3 and 4c. The bedplate b, is provided with an oblong slot b4, as is also the carrier-plate g, and the support g, for the reception ofthe upper extremity of a lever-arm c', as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4. The lever-arm c', is pivotally connected at t4, to a vertical strip or bar 5, connected with the base plate al, and the bed-plate b, by means of angleirons 6 and i7, as clearly illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4. The lower end t", of the lever-arm 7l, is bent or curved sidewise and pivotally connected with a link 712, in pivotal connection with a crank arm is, secured to a shaft is, located in a divided casing` I. Within the parts 'i9 and @'10 of the casing I, and on the shaft @'11, is rigidly mounted a worm-wheel @'11, which meshes with a worm-.

screw @'13, which is mounted on ashaft 12, located in the upper part of the casing I, as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 6. On the right hand end of the shaft i12, is mounted a pulley 14, engaged by a belt 15, which is driven by a pulley d4,secured to the main driving shaft d, of the machine. In the rotation of the shaft d, by means of the pulleys d4 and 14, and the belt @'15, motion will be imparted to the worm-screw 13, and in turn to the wormwheel 11, and shaft is, which by means of the crank-arm 3, link t2, and lower end z", of the lever-arm t', the latter will be given a swinging motion within the slot b4, of the bed-plate b, to actuate the U-shaped support g, and to shift the same back and forth in the bedplate b, parallel to the position of the cutter cylinder E. This back and forth movement IIO of the support g, is adapted to rotate the grind-stone H, through the intervention of the rack h3, and pinion h2, on the shaft h', as will be clearly understood by reference to Figs. 2 and 3. The respective series of blades e and. @11, of the cutter cylinder E, will thus be sharpened by the grind-stone H, uniformly throughout the same, that is to say, without d leaving a fin-on the edges of theblades as hitherto has been the case by thearrangement of the grinding devices with respect to the cutter-cylinder in machines of the gen-` eral type embodying my invention, which has been foundin practice to be highly objectionable, because in their action on the skin, burrs, marks, or` ridges have been left on the surface thereof.

It should be borne in mind that thegrindstone H, during the shifting of the same parallel to the normal position of the cutter cylinder E, makes a single revolution, while of course the cutter cylinder E, according to the size of the pulleys fand f,and e and e2, with respect to each other may make several thousand revolutions to one of said grinding device. The difference in speed between the cutter cylinder and the grinding device prevents uneven grinding of the blades of the cutter cylinder E, at or about their ends, that is, the diameter of the knife cylinder will not be less at the ends than at other points or portions thereof, as was the case in the use of agrinding device, as hitherto employed whether the cylinder :ran at a higher speed than the grinding device or whether they both ran at a uniform rate of speed and as a consequence this uneven grinding away of the knife cylinder caused ridges or `decided .marks to `be present inthe treated hide or skin, which depreciated` the ,valueflthereof This is entirely avoided by the arrangement as hereinbefore described andoperating in conjunction with one another as stated.

In front of the standards a and a2, at the operator end of the machine are two standards a3 and a4, which are mounted on or secured to the base plate a, and form a bearing for a shaft 7c, of aframe K, supporting a feeding roll L, having a semi-,circular apron M, which are held in position adjacent to the cutter cylinder E, as will be hereinafter fully described. On the sh aft la, are journaled rods or bars 7c and k2, the upper ends of which are bent at right angles and by means of set screws kand 764, are secured to a bar h5, which carries another bar lo, which is pivotallyconoutburrs, ridges or the like.

nected therewith by means of a bolt k7, and nut las, as illustrated in Figs. 3, 5 and 8. The bar k6, is provided with two brackets Zag and k1, forming a bearing for a shaft Z, ot' the feeding roll L, which is provided with a rubber or other suitable covering Z2, adapted to form a yielding surface so as to be adapted to hold in required position a hide or skin opposite the cutter cylinder E, and so as to contact with the same for removing matter in the form of straight shavings due to the construction and arrangement of the knives or blades thereof and so as to leave the entire surface of the hide in a smooth condition, with- Between the brackets R9 and Z010, and the feeding roll L, on the shaft Z, are located sectors m5 and rms, provided with grooves m7, for engaging complemental feathers or dove-tail joints 'm2, m3

and m4, of the semi-circular apron M, as illustrated in Figs. l, 2, 3,4, 5 and 7, and i'n order to permit of the sliding of the apron thereon,

for example, in position parallel to the posi-` covering m', adapted to give a yielding sur# face thereto. The sectors m5 and m6, support the apron a proper distance from thefeeding roll L, and in such manner as that the same may occupy the position illustrated in the drawings, when not in use, with the lower edge m7, thereof resting against the brackets Zag and 7610, of the carrier K. t

The apron M, may be manipulated by hand so that the feeding roll L, is concealed thereby and the hide or skin is presented therefrom `to the cutter cylinder E, after the bone portion of the hide or skin has been treated or `shaved by the employment of the feeding roll L, as the instrumentality for presenting the same to the cutter cylinder E, and to be hereinafter fully explained.

The apron M, is made of a greater length than the roll L, and is turned over the same the brackets lo and klo, and is held inposition bythe same and opposite the cutter cylinder and in which positionthe `feeding roll L, is ofV `course not susceptible of use.` The hide or skin being' usually of a size greater than the length of the feeding roll can now be brought with its whole surface in contact with the cutter cylinder E, by simply shifting the apron M, in either direction on its sectors m5 and m6, and a skin or hide can be completely `shaved by this arrangement without using a shaving machine of a size to correspond with `such a hide. Between the bars or frames Z and k6, of the carrier K, is located an adjusting screw n. This bar h5, is provided with two tightening screws n4 and n, as clearly illustrated in Figs. 5, 8 and 9, The adjusting screw n, located in a smooth surfaced groove r2.6, of the bar la, is provided with two shoulders n and n2, which rest against the front surface of the lower bar or frame h5, asillus trated in Fig. 9. The upper bar or frame lr6, is provided with a threaded portion n3, which meshes with thethread of the adjusting screw n, so that when the same is turned in one or the other direction, the upper bar k6, which swings over the bolt 767, and carries the feeding roll L, and apron M, can be turned on the lower bar Z155, for which purpose the upper bar k6, is provided with two apertures m7 and its,

adapted to receive the shoulders n and n2, of the adjusting screw n, in the actuation of the bar k6. The tightening screws n4 and a5, pressing against the upper bar k", must be loosened at thistime to allow a movement of the upper bar and afterward brought in contact to hold` said bar in required position on the bar Z55;

` until its upper edge m8, comes in contact with TOO izo

This movement of the bar lr6, by means of the adjusting screw n, serves to regulate the position of the feeding roll L, and likewise the apron M, with respect to the rotary cutter cylinder E, to cause a skin or hide to be brought in contact with the same, that is, to engage respectively with the reversely arranged spiral blades e and e thereof, and so that matter to be removed may be eifectually and expeditiously done and with the surface thereof free from ridges or the like, because such is calculated to depreciate the value of the same for various purposes, where absolute smoothness is essentially requisite.

In the lower ends of the rods or bars 7o and k2, of the carrier K, is located a shaft o, of the treadle mechanism O, which by means of T-shaped bearings o3 and o4, is in connection with threaded rods o and o6, tightened and loosened by means of a swivel connection o7. The T-shaped bearing 04, is in pivotal connection with a shaft 0', which is mounted in vertical arms 0 8 and o9, secured to a shaft o2, located in the recessed portion a5, of the baseplate a, of the machine. To the shaft o2, are rigidly secured longitudinal arms o10 and 011,

.A to the outer free extremities of which is atltached a cross-bar 012, and constitute a frame or treadle for the reception of the foot of the operator of the machine, as illustrated in Figs. l, 2 and 3. The feeding-roll L, or its semicircular movable apron M, will be presented adjacent to the cutter cylinder E, by means of the treadle and its accessories, as illustrated in Figs. l and 3, by the engagement of the foot with and depression of the cross-bar 012, to cause the hide or skin to contact with the series of blades e and @11, of the cylinder v E. The range of movement of the treadle mechanism O, can be controlled by means of the swivel connection o7, by the turning of the same either in one or the other direction, whereby the distance of the rods o and o', from each other by means of the right and left hand threaded bolts or rods o5 and 06, can be lengthened or shortened so as to bring the hide or skin nearer to or farther from the cutter cylinder E, as requirements demand in the treatment of hides or skins of different degrees of thickness. On the shaft o2, and rigidly secured thereto are arms 013 and 014, the free ends of which are counterweighted at 015, and adapted to normally hold the treadle mechanism O, so that the feeding roll L, with its movable apron M, is maintained a proper distance from the cutter cylinder E, while the treadle-mechanism O, is not in operation for the treatment of a hide or skin, or the machine is at rest.

To prevent the feeding roll L, or its movable apron M, in the manipulation of either one or the other being brought into such a position as to accidentally or otherwise in such position of the same with respect to the cutter cylinder E in action, destroy the hide or skin, an adjusting screw p, is located in a bar 1o', which is secured to the standards a3 and a4, and knocks in the operative position of the treadle mechanism O, against the T- shaped piece o3, limiting thereby the range of movement of the feeding roll L, or apron M, toward the cutter cylinder E, and thus preventing any damaging action upon the hide or skin.

The mode of operation of the hide and skin machine hereinbefore described is, as followsz-The skin or hide is placed on the feeding roll L, and its apron M, with the bone part located opposite the cutter cylinder 1E, and a proper distance therefrom. The belt d2, on the loose pulley d3, of the main driving shaft d, is shifted onto the rigid pulley d', which imparts motion to the shaft d, and by means of the pulley f and f', belts f2 and f3, and pulleys P and e2, the cutter cylinder E, has rotary motion imparted thereto and at the same time the grinding device H, is set in motion and the support g, therefor is shifted along parallel with the position of the rotary cutter cylinder E, through the intervention of the lever-arm t', crank-arm Q13, shaft 8, worm-wheel @'11, and worm-screw 15, receiving their motion from the main driving shaft d, through the pulleys d4 and 14, and belt 15. During the to and fro movement of the grinding device H, parallel to the position of the cutter cylinder E, that is, from left to right, as shown in Fig. 4, the same by means of the pinion h2, and rackh, will rotate said device in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 4. As vsoon as the grindstone H, has reached the end of its travel in contact with the circumferential surface of the cutter cylinder E, the same will be shifted in a reverse direction,.that is, from the right toward the left; and moreover, the direction of rotation of the grindstone H, will be likewise reversed by means of the rack h3, and pinion h2. It will thus be seen that the blades e and c, of the cutter cylinder E, will be thoroughly sharpened throughout the same and any tin on the edges of the blades formed during the grinding of the blades in one direction will be removed'in the reverse action of the same upon the blades, so that the blades of the cylinder during the operation of the machine will always be maintained in such condition for insuring the most beneficial results of the knives or cutters on the hide or skin, and for leaving the same in a smooth condition and without burrs, ridges or other objectionable marks thereon.

The hide or skin placed on the feeding roll L, is brought into contact with the cutter cyl-` inder E, by depressing the cross-bar 012, of the treadle mechanism O. The knives or blades of the cutter cylinder E, shave the hide or skin beginning from the center point of the cutter cylinder according tothe arrangement of the blades thereof as illustrated toward the ends of the cutter cylinder in a straight line and remove matter therefrom in the form always of straight shavings, by reason of which the skin or hide is left perfectly smooth in IOC surface throughout the extentthereof. As soon as the bone portion of the hide or skin has been shaved in length corresponding., to the length of the feeding roll L, the apron M, which has occupied an idle position such as illustratedin the drawings, is moved over the feeding roll, in order to take the place thereof. By shifting the semicircularapron M, in either one or the other directions on its sectors m5 and m6, the hide or skin can be brought quickly into contact with the blades or knives of the cutter cylinder E, rotating at a high rate of speed to effectually and expeditiously remove from the same required matter as hereinbefore described and so as to leave the skin or hide throughout its surface in a perfectly smooth condition, for subsequent use.

It will be manifestly obvious that as to minor details of construction and arrangement of parts of the machine, modilications may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention; and hence I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the precise arrangement of the machine as hereinbefore described; but

Having thus described the nature and objects of my invention, whatI claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. A hide and skin machine provided with a movable bed carrying a support, a cutter cylinder, a rack, a shaft provided with a pinion and a grinding annulus having its plane parallel to the axis of said cylinder, a lever in engagement with said support and having means in pivotal connection `with the crank arm of a shaft, the latter being rotated by mechanism actuated from the main driving shaft, substantially as and forthe purposes set forth.

2. In a hide and skin shaving machine, a knife cylinder, aframe carrying a feed roll, a traveler grinding annulus having its plane parallel to the axis of said cylinder and means for rotating said cylinder and reciprocating said annulus, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In a hide and skinr shaving machine, a knife cylinder, a grinding annulus having its plane parallel to the axis of said cylinder and adapted to contact with two different portions of the blades of said cylinder reversely arranged with respect`to each other and so as to uniformly sharpen the same, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

et. In a hide and skin shaving machine, a rotary knife cylinder provided with two series of reversely arranged blades of constant and uniform pitch from the center to the ends of the cylinder and the terminals of said blades being in a straight line through the, meeting ends of two blades of theseries of the cylinder at the center thereof, and a rotary grinding device having its plane parallel to the axis of said cylinder and adapted in the rotation of said cylinder to travel in contact with two different portions of said blades to uniformly sharpen the same, substantially as and. for the purposes set forth.

5. In a hide and skin shaving machine, a rotatable knife cylinder, means for actuating said cylinder, a rotary grinding device hav ing its plane parallel with the axis of :said` cylinder and adapted to travel back and forth in contact with said cylinder in its rotation at a speed differing from that of the said cylinder, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. In a hide and skin shaving machine, a frame provided with a counterbalanced treadle mechanism, a knife cylinder, a feeding appliance connected with said frame and provided with feeding surfaces of different widths to adapt the same to the size of. hide or skin to be delivered to said knife cylinder, and means, as described, for rotating said cylinder, substantially as andfor the purposes set forth.

7. A hide and skin shaving machine provided with a rotary feeding roll journaled to an adjustable swinging frame having a feathered apron engaged by sectors mounted on the journals of said roll and a counterbalanced treadle mechanism connected with said frame, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. a

. 8. A hide and skin machine provided with afeeding roll journaled to the swinging frame of a controlled treadle mechanism, an apron partially embracing said roll and afforded a movement lengthwise and around the same, a positively actuated cutter cylinder and a grinding device as described afforded two ranges of simultaneous movement by means of a rack and pinion and worm and screw mechanism from the main driving shaft controlling the actuation of said cylinder, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

9. Ahide and skin machine provided with a slotted movable bed carrying a slottedand feathered support, a rack, a shaft provided with a pinion and journaled to said support and said shaft having a grinding annulus engaging a disk mounted on said shaft, a leverarm in engagement with said support and having a curved extremity lin pivotal connection with Va crank-arm of a shaft rotated by means of a worm and screw mechanism from" the main driving shaft by means of pulley and belt connections, and a rotary cutter cylinder, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my signature in the presence of two subscrib ing witnesses.

` WILLIAM EVANS. Witnesses: j i

THOMAS M. SMITH, RICHARD C. MAXWELL.

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